Since Kawasaki disease (KD) shares some of the clinical and laboratory features with this new entity (fever, rash, conjunctival injection, elevated inflammatory markers), and both rely for their diagnosis on a set of non-specific criteria, it was suggested that both KD and MIS-C are in fact part of the spectrum of SARS-CoV-2-related inflammatory illness 2, 8. Both sets require fever, elevated inflammatory markers and involvement of at least two systems, with evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection or exposure, as well as exclusion of other potential etiologies. Separate case definitions were developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) 6, 7. Soon after the COVID-19 pandemic started, a new entity-termed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C also referred to as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome, PIMS) was reported from many countries 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
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